ENTRY 23161 20111203 22312316100000001 SUBENT 23161001 20111203 22312316100100001 BIB 15 60 2316100100002 TITLE Neutron-induced Activation Cross Sections on Hafnium 2316100100003 Isotopes from the Threshold to 20 MeV 2316100100004 AUTHOR (V.Semkova,N.Janeva,N.Koyumdjieva,R.Jaime Tornin, 2316100100005 A.Moens,A.J.M.Plompen,K.Volev) 2316100100006 INSTITUTE (3BULBLA) Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear 2316100100007 Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria. 2316100100008 V.Semkova,N.Janeva,N.Koyumdjieva,K.Volev 2316100100009 (2ZZZGEL) European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 2316100100010 Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, 2316100100011 Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium 2316100100012 R.Jaime Tornin,A.Moens,A.J.M.Plompen,K.Volev 2316100100013 REFERENCE (J,KPS,59,1737,2011) - ND2010 reports 2316100100014 #doi:10.3938/jkps.59.1737 2316100100015 .2010JEJU Conference on Nuclear data for Science and 2316100100016 Technology, report ND1211 2316100100017 FACILITY (VDG,2ZZZGEL) 7 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator at 2316100100018 IRMM, Geel. 2316100100019 INC-SOURCE (D-T) Quasi mono-energetic neutrons with energies 2316100100020 between 14.8 and 20.5 MeV were produced via the 2316100100021 3H(d,n)4He reaction (Q = 17.59 MeV) at incident 2316100100022 deuteron energies of 1, 1.4, 2, 3 and 4 MeV. 2316100100023 (P-T) The 3H(p,n)3He reaction was employed for the 2316100100024 production of neutrons with En = 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 MeV.2316100100025 The target consists of 2 mg/cm2 solid-state Ti/T layer2316100100026 on a 0.4 mm silver backing. 2316100100027 SAMPLE .Samples with composition of 97% hafnium and 3% 2316100100028 zirconium, were prepared by punching disks of 10 mm 2316100100029 diam. and 0.2 mm thickness from metallic foils. The 2316100100030 samples, enriched in different Hf isotopes, were 2316100100031 prepared by canning about 125 mg of HfO2 powder in 2316100100032 plexiglass containers. 2316100100033 MONITOR (13-AL-27(N,A)11-NA-24,,SIG,,,EVAL) - 2316100100034 The neutron fluence rate at En > 14 MeV was determined2316100100035 by the 27Al(n,alpha)24Na ENDF/B-VII standard cross 2316100100036 sections. 2316100100037 (49-IN-115(N,INL)49-IN-115-M,,SIG) 115In(n,n)115mIn, 2316100100038 MONIT-REF (,,3,ENDF/B-VII,,2006) 2316100100039 METHOD (ACTIV,TOF,REAC) The neutron flux density distributions2316100100040 were determined by an unfolding procedure that 2316100100041 combines the time-of-flight spectrum measurements 2316100100042 and spectral index method that involves dosimetry 2316100100043 reactions with distinct energy thresholds namely, 2316100100044 115In(n,n)115mIn, 58Ni(n,p)58Co, 27Al(n,p)27Mg, 2316100100045 27Al(n,alpha)24Na, 56Fe(n,p)56Mn, and 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb.2316100100046 REL-REF >http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nndc/ensdf/ - 2316100100047 The values for the decay constants and for the 2316100100048 gamma-ray emission probabilities, were taken from the 2316100100049 Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File 2316100100050 (N,,A.Fessler+,J,NSE,134,171,2000) - 2316100100051 Description of corrections 2316100100052 DETECTOR (HPGE) HPGe detector with 100% relative efficiency 2316100100053 CORRECTION .Corrections were applied for 2316100100054 * gamma-ray self-absorption, 2316100100055 * coincidence effects, 2316100100056 * detector efficiency, 2316100100057 * neutron flux fluctuation during the irradiation, 2316100100058 * background neutrons 2316100100059 STATUS (UNOBT) Request for data sent 11 22 2011 to A.Plompen 2316100100060 HISTORY (20111203C) S.M. 2316100100061 (20120205A) Last corrections have been done 2316100100062 ENDBIB 60 0 2316100100063 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100100064 ENDSUBENT 63 0 2316100199999 SUBENT 23161002 20111203 22312316100200001 BIB 4 12 2316100200002 REACTION (72-HF-177(N,P)71-LU-177-G,,SIG) 2316100200003 Reaction cross sections was measured for the first time2316100200004 DECAY-DATA (71-LU-177-G,6.647D,DG,208.3662,0.1036) 2316100200005 SAMPLE .Isotopic composition of the hafnium sample: 2316100200006 (72-HF-174,ENR=0.0005) upper limit 2316100200007 (72-HF-176,ENR=0.010) 2316100200008 (72-HF-177,ENR=0.854) 2316100200009 (72-HF-178,ENR=0.113) 2316100200010 (72-HF-179,ENR=0.009) 2316100200011 (72-HF-180,ENR=0.014) 2316100200012 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.1 of KPS, 59, 1737, 2011, upper panel; 2316100200013 blue square points 2316100200014 ENDBIB 12 0 2316100200015 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100200016 NODATA 0 0 2316100200017 ENDSUBENT 16 0 2316100299999 SUBENT 23161003 20111203 22312316100300001 BIB 4 12 2316100300002 REACTION (72-HF-178(N,X)71-LU-177-G,,SIG) Reaction cross 2316100300003 sections was measured for the first time 2316100300004 DECAY-DATA (71-LU-177-G,6.647D,DG,208.3662,0.1036) 2316100300005 SAMPLE .Isotopic composition of the hafnium sample: 2316100300006 (72-HF-174,ENR=0.0005) Maximum value 2316100300007 (72-HF-176,ENR=0.008) 2316100300008 (72-HF-177,ENR=0.019) 2316100300009 (72-HF-178,ENR=0.924) 2316100300010 (72-HF-179,ENR=0.033) 2316100300011 (72-HF-180,ENR=0.016) 2316100300012 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.1 of KPS, 59, 1737, 2011, upper panel; 2316100300013 green triangle points 2316100300014 ENDBIB 12 0 2316100300015 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100300016 NODATA 0 0 2316100300017 ENDSUBENT 16 0 2316100399999 SUBENT 23161004 20120203 22312316100400001 BIB 5 16 2316100400002 REACTION (72-HF-180(N,P)71-LU-180,,SIG) 2316100400003 DECAY-DATA (71-LU-180-G,5.7MIN,DG,407.96,0.430) 2316100400004 REL-REF (A,22325012,Y.Kasugai+,C,94GATLIN,2,935,1994) 2316100400005 (A,22311013,S.Murahira+,S,INDC(JPN)-175/U,171,1995) 2316100400006 The result from the present measurement at 14.8 MeV 2316100400007 is in a very good agreement with the experimental data 2316100400008 of Kasugai et al. from 1994 and the data of Murahira et2316100400009 al. from 1995. 2316100400010 SAMPLE .Metallic sample of natural isotopic composition: 2316100400011 (72-HF-174,NAT=0.0016) Error = 0.0001 2316100400012 (72-HF-176,NAT=0.0526) Error = 0.0007 2316100400013 (72-HF-177,NAT=0.1860) Error = 0.0009 2316100400014 (72-HF-178,NAT=0.2728) Error = 0.0007 2316100400015 (72-HF-179,NAT=0.1362) Error = 0.0002 2316100400016 (72-HF-180,NAT=0.3508) Error = 0.0016 2316100400017 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.1 of KPS, 59, 1737, 2011, lower panel 2316100400018 ENDBIB 16 0 2316100400019 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100400020 NODATA 0 0 2316100400021 ENDSUBENT 20 0 2316100499999 SUBENT 23161005 20120203 22312316100500001 BIB 5 17 2316100500002 REACTION (72-HF-178(N,A)70-YB-175,,SIG) 2316100500003 DECAY-DATA (70-YB-175-G,4.185D,DG,396.329,0.132) 2316100500004 REL-REF (A,22637074,C.Konno+,R,JAERI-1329,1993) 2316100500005 (A,31497028,Xiangzhong Kong+,J,ARI,49,(12),1529,1998) 2316100500006 The trend of data are agreed after normalization of the2316100500007 original cross section data on correction factor that 2316100500008 took into account the difference between the gamma-ray 2316100500009 emission probabilities used by the authors and the 2316100500010 values from the latest edition of the ENSDF. 2316100500011 SAMPLE .Isotopic composition of the hafnium sample: 2316100500012 (72-HF-174,ENR=0.0005) Maximum value 2316100500013 (72-HF-176,ENR=0.008) 2316100500014 (72-HF-177,ENR=0.019) 2316100500015 (72-HF-178,ENR=0.924) 2316100500016 (72-HF-179,ENR=0.033) 2316100500017 (72-HF-180,ENR=0.016) 2316100500018 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.2 of KPS, 58, 1737, 2011; upper panel 2316100500019 ENDBIB 17 0 2316100500020 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100500021 NODATA 0 0 2316100500022 ENDSUBENT 21 0 2316100599999 SUBENT 23161006 20120203 22312316100600001 BIB 5 14 2316100600002 REACTION (72-HF-180(N,A)70-YB-177,,SIG) 2316100600003 DECAY-DATA (70-YB-177-G,1.911HR,DG,150.3,0.205) 2316100600004 REL-REF (A,22637079,C.Konno+,R,JAERI-1329,1993) 2316100600005 (A,31497029,Xiangzhong Kong+,J,ARI,49,(12),1529,1998) 2316100600006 (D,12092005,M.Hillman+,J,JIN,31,909,1969) - 2316100600007 the data point of Hillman et al. from 1969 is higher. 2316100600008 SAMPLE .Metallic sample of natural isotopic composition: 2316100600009 (72-HF-174,NAT=0.0016) Error = 0.0001 2316100600010 (72-HF-176,NAT=0.0526) Error = 0.0007 2316100600011 (72-HF-177,NAT=0.1860) Error = 0.0009 2316100600012 (72-HF-178,NAT=0.2728) Error = 0.0007 2316100600013 (72-HF-179,NAT=0.1362) Error = 0.0002 2316100600014 (72-HF-180,NAT=0.3508) Error = 0.0016 2316100600015 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.2 of KPS, 59, 1737, 2011; lower panel 2316100600016 ENDBIB 14 0 2316100600017 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100600018 NODATA 0 0 2316100600019 ENDSUBENT 18 0 2316100699999 SUBENT 23161007 20120205 22312316100700001 BIB 6 17 2316100700002 REACTION (72-HF-180(N,INL)72-HF-180-M,,SIG) 2316100700003 DECAY-DATA (72-HF-180-M,5.5HR,DG,332.275,0.941) 2316100700004 MONITOR (49-IN-115(N,INL)49-IN-115-M,,SIG) - In the energy 2316100700005 range below 3 MeV the 115In(n,n'gamma)115In-m reaction2316100700006 was used for neutron fluence determination. 2316100700007 REL-REF (A,22637078,C.Konno+,R,JAERI-1329,1993) 2316100700008 (A,22192013,C.Konno+,P,NEANDC(J)-155,15,1990) 2316100700009 (A,40975013,Yu.N.Trofimov,J,YK,1987,(4),10,1987) 2316100700010 (A,12092004,M.Hillman+,J,JIN,31,909,1969) 2316100700011 SAMPLE .Metallic sample of natural isotopic composition: 2316100700012 (72-HF-174,NAT=0.0016) Error = 0.0001 2316100700013 (72-HF-176,NAT=0.0526) Error = 0.0007 2316100700014 (72-HF-177,NAT=0.1860) Error = 0.0009 2316100700015 (72-HF-178,NAT=0.2728) Error = 0.0007 2316100700016 (72-HF-179,NAT=0.1362) Error = 0.0002 2316100700017 (72-HF-180,NAT=0.3508) Error = 0.0016 2316100700018 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.3 of KPS, 59, 1737 2316100700019 ENDBIB 17 0 2316100700020 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100700021 NODATA 0 0 2316100700022 ENDSUBENT 21 0 2316100799999 SUBENT 23161008 20120203 22312316100800001 BIB 4 12 2316100800002 REACTION (72-HF-177(N,3N)72-HF-175,,SIG) 2316100800003 DECAY-DATA (72-HF-175,70.D,DG,343.4,0.84) 2316100800004 The cross section for the 177Hf(n,3n)175Hf 2316100800005 reaction was measured for the first time. 2316100800006 SAMPLE .Isotopic composition of the hafnium sample: 2316100800007 (72-HF-174,ENR=0.0005) The upper limit 2316100800008 (72-HF-176,ENR=0.010) 2316100800009 (72-HF-177,ENR=0.854) 2316100800010 (72-HF-178,ENR=0.113) 2316100800011 (72-HF-179,ENR=0.009) 2316100800012 (72-HF-180,ENR=0.014) 2316100800013 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.5 of KPS, 59, 1737; lower panel 2316100800014 ENDBIB 12 0 2316100800015 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100800016 NODATA 0 0 2316100800017 ENDSUBENT 16 0 2316100899999 SUBENT 23161009 20120203 22312316100900001 BIB 5 20 2316100900002 REACTION (72-HF-176(N,2N)72-HF-175,,SIG) 2316100900003 DECAY-DATA (72-HF-175,70.D,DG,343.4,0.84) 2316100900004 Results are in a very good agreement with bulk of 2316100900005 the data at 14.8MeV and with JEFF-3.1 and JENDL-3.3 2316100900006 evaluations. 2316100900007 REL-REF (A,31519005,B.Kiraly+,S,JAERI-C-2001-006,283,2001) 2316100900008 (A,31630002,Lu Hanlin+,J,CST,33,(5),410,1999) 2316100900009 (A,22657009,J.W.Meadows+,J,ANE,23,877,1996) 2316100900010 (A,22246002,B.H.Patrick+,S,INDC(NDS)-232,69,1990) 2316100900011 (A,20541059,S.M.Qaim,J,NP/A,224,319,1974) 2316100900012 (A,12092003,M.Hillman+,J,JIN,31,909,1969) 2316100900013 (A,20802014,W.Dilg+,J,NP/A,118,9,1968) 2316100900014 SAMPLE .Isotopic composition of the hafnium sample: 2316100900015 (72-HF-174,ENR=0.0005) Maximum value 2316100900016 (72-HF-176,ENR=0.650) 2316100900017 (72-HF-177,ENR=0.229) 2316100900018 (72-HF-178,ENR=0.063) 2316100900019 (72-HF-179,ENR=0.018) 2316100900020 (72-HF-180,ENR=0.040) 2316100900021 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.5 of KPS ,59, 1737; upper panel 2316100900022 ENDBIB 20 0 2316100900023 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316100900024 NODATA 0 0 2316100900025 ENDSUBENT 24 0 2316100999999 SUBENT 23161010 20120203 22312316101000001 BIB 5 20 2316101000002 REACTION (72-HF-174(N,2N)72-HF-173,,SIG) 2316101000003 DECAY-DATA (72-HF-173-G,23.6HR,DG,296.974,0.339) 2316101000004 REL-REF (D,22246006,B.H.Patrick+,S,INDC(NDS)-232,69,1990) 2316101000005 (D,20541058,S.M.Qaim,J,NP/A,224,319,1974) 2316101000006 (D,30605004,N.Lakshmana Das+,J,ANE,8,(6),283,1981) 2316101000007 (D,31497005,Xiangzhong Kong+,J,ARI,49,(12),1529,1998) 2316101000008 The emission probability of the 296.974 keV -line 2316101000009 employed in present measurement is about 7% lower than 2316101000010 those used in the measurements of Qaim from 1974, 2316101000011 Lakshmana Das et al. from 1981 and Xiang Zhong Kong 2316101000012 et al. from 1998. However results of this paper are 2316101000013 25% higher than the results of those authors. 2316101000014 SAMPLE .Metallic sample of natural isotopic composition: 2316101000015 (72-HF-174,NAT=0.0016) Error = 0.0001 2316101000016 (72-HF-176,NAT=0.0526) Error = 0.0007 2316101000017 (72-HF-177,NAT=0.1860) Error = 0.0009 2316101000018 (72-HF-178,NAT=0.2728) Error = 0.0007 2316101000019 (72-HF-179,NAT=0.1362) Error = 0.0002 2316101000020 (72-HF-180,NAT=0.3508) Error = 0.0016 2316101000021 STATUS (UNOBT) Fig.4 of KPS, 59, 1737 2316101000022 ENDBIB 20 0 2316101000023 NOCOMMON 0 0 2316101000024 NODATA 0 0 2316101000025 ENDSUBENT 24 0 2316101099999 ENDENTRY 10 0 2316199999999