ENTRY D4235 20101208 D077D423500000001 SUBENT D4235001 20101208 D077D423500100001 BIB 17 86 D423500100002 TITLE Investigation of alternative production routes of D423500100003 99mTc: Deuteron induced reactions on 100Mo D423500100004 AUTHOR (F.Tarkanyi, A.Hermanne, S.Takacs, M.Sonck, Z.Szucs, D423500100005 B.Kiraly, A.V.Ignatyuk) D423500100006 INSTITUTE (3HUNDEB,2BLGVUB,4RUSFEI) D423500100007 REFERENCE (J,ARI,69,18,2011) Main reference. D423500100008 #doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.08.006 D423500100009 (C,98DENTON,AIP475,987,199811) Preliminary results; D423500100010 AIP conference proceedings. D423500100011 FACILITY (CYCLO,2BLGLEU) CGR-980 cyclotron D423500100012 SAMPLE Thin layers of enriched molybdenum oxide (100MoO3) D423500100013 targets (10 mm diameter) were prepared using the D423500100014 sedimentation technique. A small amount of very fine D423500100015 100MoO3 powder (99.9% pure) was suspended in vinyl D423500100016 acetate (LEVAPREN 450), dissolved in carbon D423500100017 tetrachloride and slowly sedimented onto an aluminium D423500100018 foil backing having 13.0 mm diameter and 92 um D423500100019 thickness. The 100MoO3 sample was then covered by a D423500100020 13 um thick polyimide (Kapton) foil for protection. D423500100021 The thickness of the sedimented 100MoO3 layer varied D423500100022 between 2.24 and 6.23 mg/cm2. D423500100023 Isotopic composition of the enriched target: D423500100024 92Mo 1.1% D423500100025 94Mo 0.8% D423500100026 95Mo 1.4% D423500100027 96Mo 1.6% D423500100028 97Mo 1.0% D423500100029 98Mo 3.6% D423500100030 100Mo 90.5% D423500100031 METHOD (ACTIV,EDEG,EXTB,GSPEC,STTA) D423500100032 Four stacks were irradiated with deuterons. D423500100033 Irradiation time: about 0.5 h, D423500100034 beam intensity: 40 nA, D423500100035 beam energies: 30 MeV and 50 MeV. D423500100036 Each stack contained 10 foils; the Al backings served D423500100037 as degraders and monitors. D423500100038 The beam currents were kept constant during the D423500100039 irradiations and were measured with a Faraday-cup. D423500100040 The activities of the irradiated foils were measured D423500100041 without chemical separation with high resolution D423500100042 gamma-ray spectroscopy. D423500100043 The decays of the produced radioisotopes were followed D423500100044 by measuring each sample several times. D423500100045 A minimal cooling time of 4 h was introduced before D423500100046 the first gamma-spectra measurements due to the D423500100047 transportation from the irradiation place. D423500100048 REL-REF (N,,Andersen+,B,ANDERSEN,3,1977) D423500100049 The energy degradation as a function of depth in the D423500100050 stack was calculated from the input energy and target D423500100051 thicknesses. D423500100052 MONITOR (13-AL-27(D,X)11-NA-24,,SIG) D423500100053 Aluminum backing. D423500100054 MONIT-REF (,F.Tarkanyi+,R,IAEA-TECDOC-1211,2001) Chapter 4 D423500100055 Updated version (available on-line) was used. D423500100056 DETECTOR (HPGE) D423500100057 DECAY-DATA Decay data were taken from NuDat2.5 database. D423500100058 ERR-ANALYS (EN-ERR) The uncertainty on the particle energy was D423500100059 estimated from the uncertainties on the energy of the D423500100060 primary beam, from the uncertainty on the thicknesses D423500100061 of the subsequent stopping media in the stack and D423500100062 from the energy straggling. D423500100063 The uncertainty on the energy varies between D423500100064 +-0.2 and 0.9 MeV. D423500100065 (ERR-T) The cross section uncertainties were estimated D423500100066 in the standard way: the independent relative errors D423500100067 of the linearly contributing processes i.e. D423500100068 number of the bombarding particles 3%, D423500100069 number of the target nuclei 3%, D423500100070 decay data 3%, D423500100071 detector efficiency 7% and D423500100072 peak area were summed quadratically and the square D423500100073 root of the sum was taken. D423500100074 FLAG (1.) Stack1 D423500100075 (2.) Stack2 D423500100076 (3.) Stack3 D423500100077 (4.) Stack4 D423500100078 ADD-RES (THEO) The cross sections of the investigated D423500100079 reactions were predicted using the pre-compound model D423500100080 codes ALICE-IPPE and EMPIRE-II. The experimental data D423500100081 are also compared with the curves given in the D423500100082 TENDL-2009 nuclear reaction data library based on the D423500100083 TALYS model code system. D423500100084 (TTY-C) Integral yields were calculated from the D423500100085 fitted experimental cross sections. D423500100086 HISTORY (20101208C) KB D423500100087 STATUS (APRVD) B.Kiraly 09.12.2010. D423500100088 ENDBIB 86 0 D423500100089 NOCOMMON 0 0 D423500100090 ENDSUBENT 89 0 D423500199999 SUBENT D4235002 20101208 D077D423500200001 BIB 4 25 D423500200002 REACTION (42-MO-100(D,3N)43-TC-99-M,,SIG) D423500200003 COMMENT By the authors. D423500200004 a) Corrections were made to eliminate contributions D423500200005 from 140.5 keV (4.52%) and 141.2 keV (66.8%) gamma- D423500200006 lines of 99Mo and 90Nb, respectively, and to eliminate D423500200007 contribution caused by decay of 99Mo. In the first two D423500200008 cases, peak areas of independent gamma-lines of 99Mo D423500200009 and 90Nb (739.5 keV, 12.13% and 1129.2 keV, 92.7%) D423500200010 were considered to estimate the contributions to peak D423500200011 area of the 140.5 keV line. D423500200012 b) According to the theoretical predictions, D423500200013 contribution of the 98Mo(d,n)99mTc reaction taking D423500200014 place on the small amount of 98Mo (3.6%) in the D423500200015 enriched target can be neglected. This statement is D423500200016 made in spite of the fact that the theoretical codes D423500200017 used in this work cannot give excellent predictions. D423500200018 The effect of the 98Mo(d,p)99Mo->99mTc process was D423500200019 considered when peak area and cross section of 99Mo, D423500200020 both uncorrected yet to the contribution of the D423500200021 reaction taking place on 98Mo, was used for the D423500200022 correction detailed in (a). D423500200023 c) The effect of the 97Mo(d,g) reaction was neglected. D423500200024 DECAY-DATA (43-TC-99-M,6.0058HR,DG,140.511,0.8906) D423500200025 STATUS (TABLE) Data are taken from Table3 of Ref.: D423500200026 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69 (2011) 18. D423500200027 ENDBIB 25 0 D423500200028 NOCOMMON 0 0 D423500200029 DATA 5 36 D423500200030 EN EN-ERR DATA ERR-T FLAG D423500200031 MEV MEV MB MB NO-DIM D423500200032 49.5 0.2 34. 9. 1. D423500200033 48.7 0.2 23. 9. 3. D423500200034 47.3 0.2 31. 9. 1. D423500200035 46.8 0.2 29. 10. 3. D423500200036 45.2 0.3 38. 10. 1. D423500200037 44.4 0.3 29. 14. 3. D423500200038 43.5 0.3 37. 8. 1. D423500200039 42.5 0.3 33. 10. 3. D423500200040 41.2 0.4 34. 8. 1. D423500200041 39.7 0.4 36. 11. 3. D423500200042 38.1 0.5 55. 11. 1. D423500200043 37.5 0.4 54. 12. 3. D423500200044 36.1 0.5 78. 15. 1. D423500200045 35.2 0.5 70. 13. 3. D423500200046 33.5 0.6 81. 14. 1. D423500200047 32.0 0.6 100. 17. 3. D423500200048 30.7 0.6 106. 16. 1. D423500200049 28.8 0.6 166. 26. 3. D423500200050 28.7 0.2 163. 23. 4. D423500200051 27.7 0.7 159. 22. 1. D423500200052 27.0 0.3 204. 28. 4. D423500200053 26.7 0.7 191. 30. 3. D423500200054 26.4 0.2 204. 30. 2. D423500200055 24.3 0.4 329. 41. 4. D423500200056 23.2 0.3 256. 35. 2. D423500200057 22.3 0.4 238. 33. 4. D423500200058 19.4 0.4 231. 32. 2. D423500200059 19.1 0.5 187. 25. 4. D423500200060 16.8 0.5 152. 22. 2. D423500200061 16.7 0.6 151. 20. 4. D423500200062 14.8 0.6 74. 13. 2. D423500200063 12.5 0.8 4.6 2.7 4. D423500200064 12.2 0.7 3.2 3.3 2. D423500200065 8.8 0.9 2.3 1.9 4. D423500200066 8.4 0.8 2.2 2.1 2. D423500200067 6.7 0.9 1.7 1.5 2. D423500200068 ENDDATA 38 0 D423500200069 ENDSUBENT 68 0 D423500299999 SUBENT D4235003 20101208 D077D423500300001 BIB 4 21 D423500300002 REACTION (42-MO-100(D,X)42-MO-99,IND,SIG) D423500300003 COMMENT By the authors. D423500300004 99Mo originates from 100Mo(d,p2n) reaction and can be D423500300005 produced by feeding via the 99Zr (2.1 s) -> D423500300006 99Nb (metastable state 2.6 min, ground state 15.0 s) D423500300007 decay chain. However, the probability of parent D423500300008 production is negligible according to the TENDL-2009 D423500300009 prediction. Therefore, independent cross section was D423500300010 measured in the investigated energy range. D423500300011 The contribution of the 98Mo(d,p)99Mo reaction was D423500300012 subtracted in the following way. The uncorrected curve D423500300013 had a bump with maximum of 60 mb at about 14 MeV D423500300014 caused by the (d,p) reaction. As the ALICE-D code can D423500300015 describe the (d,p) process, this bump was fitted with D423500300016 a curve characteristic of (d,p) reaction. The fitted D423500300017 cross sections were subtracted from the measured ones D423500300018 which resulted in the disappearance of the bump and D423500300019 somewhat lower cross sections above 19 MeV. D423500300020 DECAY-DATA (42-MO-99,65.94HR,DG,739.500,0.1213) D423500300021 STATUS (TABLE) Data are taken from Table3 of Ref.: D423500300022 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69 (2011) 18. D423500300023 ENDBIB 21 0 D423500300024 NOCOMMON 0 0 D423500300025 DATA 5 28 D423500300026 EN EN-ERR DATA ERR-T FLAG D423500300027 MEV MEV MB MB NO-DIM D423500300028 49.5 0.2 325. 50. 1. D423500300029 48.7 0.2 240. 46. 3. D423500300030 47.3 0.2 404. 56. 1. D423500300031 46.8 0.2 311. 50. 3. D423500300032 45.2 0.3 333. 52. 1. D423500300033 44.4 0.3 266. 62. 3. D423500300034 43.5 0.3 349. 48. 1. D423500300035 42.5 0.3 271. 44. 3. D423500300036 41.2 0.4 299. 42. 1. D423500300037 39.7 0.4 387. 59. 3. D423500300038 38.1 0.5 386. 52. 1. D423500300039 37.5 0.4 312. 48. 3. D423500300040 36.1 0.5 438. 61. 1. D423500300041 35.2 0.5 409. 60. 3. D423500300042 33.5 0.6 366. 51. 1. D423500300043 32.0 0.6 312. 53. 3. D423500300044 30.7 0.6 242. 39. 1. D423500300045 28.8 0.6 319. 60. 3. D423500300046 28.7 0.2 263. 44. 4. D423500300047 27.7 0.7 187. 34. 1. D423500300048 27.0 0.3 264. 47. 4. D423500300049 26.7 0.7 138. 49. 3. D423500300050 26.4 0.2 197. 42. 2. D423500300051 24.3 0.4 175. 43. 4. D423500300052 23.2 0.3 108. 33. 2. D423500300053 22.3 0.4 81. 29. 4. D423500300054 19.4 0.4 16. 23. 2. D423500300055 19.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 4. D423500300056 ENDDATA 30 0 D423500300057 ENDSUBENT 56 0 D423500399999 SUBENT D4235004 20101208 D077D423500400001 BIB 4 12 D423500400002 REACTION (42-MO-100(D,X)41-NB-98-M,IND,SIG) D423500400003 COMMENT By the authors. D423500400004 Independent cross sections of 98mNb were measured as D423500400005 98Zr feeds only the ground state of 98Nb. Although, D423500400006 except EMPIRE-D, the theoretical codes underestimate D423500400007 the excitation function in the whole energy range, on D423500400008 the basis of the predictions the contribution of D423500400009 98Mo(d,2p) reaction on the 3.6% 98Mo is negligible. D423500400010 Therefore no correction was made. D423500400011 DECAY-DATA (41-NB-98-M,51.3MIN,DG,722.626,0.738) D423500400012 STATUS (TABLE) Data are taken from Table3 of Ref.: D423500400013 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69 (2011) 18. D423500400014 ENDBIB 12 0 D423500400015 NOCOMMON 0 0 D423500400016 DATA 5 18 D423500400017 EN EN-ERR DATA ERR-T FLAG D423500400018 MEV MEV MB MB NO-DIM D423500400019 49.5 0.2 24.6 3.2 1. D423500400020 47.3 0.2 12.4 3.1 1. D423500400021 45.2 0.3 7.9 2.1 1. D423500400022 43.5 0.3 5.2 1.4 1. D423500400023 41.2 0.4 2.7 1.4 1. D423500400024 36.1 0.5 3.1 1.8 1. D423500400025 33.5 0.6 4.2 1.4 1. D423500400026 30.7 0.6 2.8 1.2 1. D423500400027 28.7 0.2 1.05 0.63 4. D423500400028 27.0 0.3 2.59 0.80 4. D423500400029 24.3 0.4 2.44 0.70 4. D423500400030 22.3 0.4 2.41 0.75 4. D423500400031 19.1 0.5 2.33 0.74 4. D423500400032 16.7 0.6 3.57 0.60 4. D423500400033 14.8 0.6 2.9 1.1 2. D423500400034 12.5 0.8 2.63 0.38 4. D423500400035 12.2 0.7 3.40 0.80 2. D423500400036 8.8 0.9 0.73 0.14 4. D423500400037 ENDDATA 20 0 D423500400038 ENDSUBENT 37 0 D423500499999 SUBENT D4235005 20101208 D077D423500500001 BIB 4 18 D423500500002 REACTION (42-MO-100(D,X)41-NB-97,IND,SIG) D423500500003 COMMENT By the authors. D423500500004 The excitation function was measured after total decay D423500500005 of the shorter lived metastable state. D423500500006 Although the theoretical codes cannot give excellent D423500500007 predictions, the effect of interfering reactions D423500500008 taking place on target nuclei other than 100Mo and the D423500500009 effect of interfering decay were estimated by means of D423500500010 the TENDL-2009. The interfering reactions such as D423500500011 98Mo(d,2pn)97Nb and 97Mo(d,2p)97Nb on 3.6% 98Mo and D423500500012 on 1.0% 97Mo as well as the disturbing decay coming D423500500013 from 97Zr populated by the reactions taking place on D423500500014 100Mo and 98Mo target nuclei, are negligible. D423500500015 Therefore an independent cross section was measured. D423500500016 DECAY-DATA (41-NB-97-G,72.1MIN,DG,657.94,0.9823) D423500500017 (41-NB-97-M,58.7SEC) D423500500018 STATUS (TABLE) Data are taken from Table3 of Ref.: D423500500019 Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69 (2011) 18. D423500500020 ENDBIB 18 0 D423500500021 NOCOMMON 0 0 D423500500022 DATA 5 33 D423500500023 EN EN-ERR DATA ERR-T FLAG D423500500024 MEV MEV MB MB NO-DIM D423500500025 49.5 0.2 15.1 1.9 1. D423500500026 48.7 0.2 10.2 2.2 3. D423500500027 47.3 0.2 15.8 2.1 1. D423500500028 46.8 0.2 11.3 2.5 3. D423500500029 45.2 0.3 12.9 1.8 1. D423500500030 44.4 0.3 9.6 3.2 3. D423500500031 43.5 0.3 12.4 1.6 1. D423500500032 42.5 0.3 10.7 1.9 3. D423500500033 41.2 0.4 10.0 1.4 1. D423500500034 39.7 0.4 12.7 2.6 3. D423500500035 38.1 0.5 13.7 1.8 1. D423500500036 37.5 0.4 11.5 2.4 3. D423500500037 36.1 0.5 16.4 2.3 1. D423500500038 35.2 0.5 15.8 2.6 3. D423500500039 33.5 0.6 12.8 1.7 1. D423500500040 32.0 0.6 16.3 2.9 3. D423500500041 30.7 0.6 13.5 1.7 1. D423500500042 28.8 0.6 22.2 3.8 3. D423500500043 28.7 0.2 12.6 1.5 4. D423500500044 27.7 0.7 17.6 2.3 1. D423500500045 27.0 0.3 14.4 1.7 4. D423500500046 26.7 0.7 18.3 3.8 3. D423500500047 26.4 0.2 14.8 3.2 2. D423500500048 24.3 0.4 19.8 2.3 4. D423500500049 23.2 0.3 16.0 3.3 2. D423500500050 22.3 0.4 15.4 1.8 4. D423500500051 19.4 0.4 15.1 2.3 2. D423500500052 19.1 0.5 11.7 1.4 4. D423500500053 16.8 0.5 9.4 1.4 2. D423500500054 16.7 0.6 8.9 1.1 4. D423500500055 14.8 0.6 4.9 0.8 2. D423500500056 12.5 0.8 1.5 0.2 4. D423500500057 12.2 0.7 1.5 0.3 2. D423500500058 ENDDATA 35 0 D423500500059 ENDSUBENT 58 0 D423500599999 ENDENTRY 5 0 D423599999999